(2000). Funding for the Future: Strategic Research in Further Education. A Report for FEDA. A research study focused on the funding method for further education (FE) in Britain. From a theoretical study of the stimuli built into the new funding methodology, four topics of interest were selected for further investigation. To clarify the arguments, these topics were cast as a series of hypotheses that could then be tested using both national, aggregate data, documentary, and interview evidence from eight case study colleges. Hypothesis 1 was that colleges were subsidizing core provision from their franchising arrangements. Franchising was not without risk, financially or educationally. Franchising has a revealed a divergence in views about what should legitimately be funded as FE. Franchising is used as a vehicle for increasing participation or improving access to FE. Hypothesis 2 was that convergence has worsened the performance of students in FE. Its consequences were seen to be less adverse than expected. Main responses to convergence have been to change the terms and… [PDF]
(1966). EDUCATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM–PHASE III. MULTIPURPOSE COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM MODELS WERE DEVELOPED FOR APPLICATION TO HIGHER EDUCATION. THREE MODEL SYSTEMS – INTRASTATE, INTERSTATE, AND EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES – WERE DESIGNED. THESE SYSTEM DESIGNS WERE ESTABLISHED FOR EASY EVALUATION AND MAXIMUM FLEXIBILITY, WITH A MINIMUM OF PRESET AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT. TWO ALTERNATIVE TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS WERE PRESENTED–(1) ONE BASED ON THE TELPAK TARIFF OF TELEPHONE COMPANIES, PROVIDING A NARROW-BAND SERVICE, AND (2) ONE BASED ON MULTIPURPOSE BROADBAND MICROWAVE TRANSMISSION. PLANS FOR EXPERIMENTAL OPERATION AND EVALUATION OF THE THREE MODELS IN A FOLLOWUP PHASE WERE INDICATED. RELATED INFORMATION MAY BE FOUND IN ED 003 165. (RS)… [PDF]
(1998). The Story of Foreign Trade and Exchange. This comic-style booklet is one of a series of educational booklets published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The booklet uses everyday language and lively illustrations to explain the benefits of international trade; the effects of tariffs and quotas; the significance of foreign exchange rates; how the foreign exchange market facilities trade; and why central banks sometimes intervene in the foreign exchange market. It provides, in narrative format, a historical context for the beginnings of world trade and defines or explains relevant terms used in international trade. (BT)… [PDF]
(1984). Travel Agent Course Outline. Written for college entry-level travel agent training courses, this course outline can also be used for inservice training programs offered by travel agencies. The outline provides information on the work of a travel agent and gives clear statements on what learners must be able to do by the end of their training. Material is divided into eight modules, each of which is based on 5 to 31 skills. Learning tasks are outlined for each skill. Module topics are orientation to the travel industry, communication skills, world tourism geography, office procedures, package tours, air tariffs and ticketing, ancillary services, and skills and services. A skill profile is attached. (YLB)… [PDF]
(1983). Canada in the International Economy: A Teaching Unit. One of a series of teaching units designed to introduce secondary school students to the Canadian economy, this handbook contains instructional materials on Canada's role in the world economy. Ten sections contain readings and suggestions for activities related to Canadian trade, tariffs, the Canada-United States automobile pact, Canada-United States free trade, trade policies in the 1980's, balance of payments, the foreign exchange market, capital flows, the Canadian exchange rate, and the international monetary system. Readings are illustrated with charts, graphs, and cartoons. A final section, a teacher's guide, clarifies learning objectives, terms, and suggested activities for each of the student sections. (LP)…
(1987). Telecommunications Policy Research Conference. Competition in the Local Loop Section. Papers. Four papers consider competition, new technology and economics of local telephone companies in a deregulated environment: (1) "An Engineering and Policy Analysis of Fiber Introduction into the Residential Subscriber Loop" (Marvin Sirbu, Frank Ferrante, and David Reed); (2) "Competition in the Local Loop: Pricing Carrier Access" (Steve G. Parsons); (3) Default Capacity Tariffs: Smoothing the Transitional Regulatory Asymmetrics in the Telecommunications Marketplace" (Dennis Weisman) (abstract only); and (4) "The Economics of Bypass in a Simple Model of the Telephone Network" (Glenn A. Woroch). The first paper is supplemented by 14 figures and 46 references, and the fourth paper includes a stylized model and six references. (EW)…
(1988). Land and Freedom [Twenty Lessons for High School American Studies Classroom Instruction]. Twenty self-contained lessons about land and freedom feature activities that can be used with high school social studies classes. The lessons are: Indian Land Ownership, The Dutch and the New World, Colonial Mercantilism, the Declaration and Natural Rights, Jefferson and Liberty, Louisiana Purchase, the Tariff Issue of 1824, Panic of 1837, John Jacob Astor–America's Wealthiest Man, the Antirent Riots in New York State, Irish Immigration, the Mexican Cessions, Railroad Land Grants, Homestead Act, Forty Acres and a Mule, Imperialism in Central America, the Closing of the Frontier, the Reform Period and Henry George, Roosevelt–the Deficit and the New Deal, and Land–Our National Heritage. Each lesson includes a theme, a sub-theme, background, concepts, performance objectives, and related texts. (DB)…
(2004). Tax Rates and Tax Evasion: Evidence from "Missing Imports" in China. Journal of Political Economy, v112 n2 p471 Apr. Tax evasion, by its very nature, is difficult to observe. We quantify the effects of tax rates on tax evasion by examining the relationship in China between the tariff schedule and the "evasion gap," which we define as the difference between Hong Kong's reported exports to China at the product level and China's reported imports from Hong Kong. Our results imply that a one-percentage-point increase in the tax rate is associated with a 3 percent increase in evasion. Furthermore, the evasion gap is negatively correlated with tax rates on closely related products, suggesting that evasion takes place partly through misclassification of imports from higher-taxed categories to lower-taxed ones, in addition to underreporting the value of imports….
(2007). Cultural and Linguistic Ambidexterity. Diverse: Issues in Higher Education, v24 n18 p28-31 Oct. It might sound like a no-brainer that being bilingual or multilingual helps students planning engineering and just about any other career. But it is certainly true and is becoming more important as the economies of nations become more intertwined. What's more, being able to go beyond mere language ability and understand cultural distinctions are extra advantages. For evidence look to UTEP, situated at a pivotal juncture on the U.S.-Mexico border. Directly across the Rio Grande is the large Mexican city of Ciudad Juarez, so about 10 percent of the students are Mexican citizens and a higher percentage speak both English and Spanish. El Paso-Juarez region has emerged as the third largest manufacturing center in North America after Los Angeles and Chicago. On the Mexican side, a complex tapestry of "maquiladoras" or special tax-free production zones got a boost in 1994 when the North American Free Trade Agreement passed. NAFTA was a landmark bill that eliminated many tariffs… [Direct]
(1966). New Communications Technology and Its Relationship to Instruction. The State of Minnesota is contemplating the establishment of a microwave system to transmit television signals between its institutions of higher learning. Factors to be considered in planning this educational interconnection system relate to the planning of similar systems and networks of systems by other aggregations of states, universities, and organizations. It is especially necessary to place such system-design development in the context of the rapidly changing technology of communication. The flexibility and variety of communication techniques provided by a network save money over the life of a system and improve educational performance. Other aspects of the new technology to be considered are sophistication in computer capabilities and cooperation among institutions of higher learning. Two specific problems must be dealt with: that of copyright laws, and that of laws related to common carrier tariffs. (MT)… [PDF]
(1988). U.S. Trade Policy: A Selective Bibliography. Bibliography Series Twenty. Robert E. Kennedy Library Bibliography Series, n20. In February 1987, President Ronald Reagan proposed legislation to improve U.S. international trade in order to decrease the trade deficits. This legislative proposal would: (1) renew authority for negotiating agreements to remove trade barriers; (2) reduce self-imposed export barriers; (3) improve existing U.S. trade remedy laws; (4) overhaul programs to benefit workers affected by imports; and (5) amend U.S. regulations and laws to promote international competition. This selected bibliography from Robert E. Kennedy Library (San Luis Obispo, California) lists U.S. government publications available about this legislation. The 252 citations are divided under nine headings that include: (1) background; (2) General Agreement on Tariff and Trade; (3) agricultural trade; (4) trade in service; (5) trade and less developed countries; (6) Generalized System of Preference; (7) protectionism and unfair practice; (8) high tech trade and national security; and (9) current legislations. A subject… [PDF]
(1994). Pacific Telecommunications Council Annual Conference Proceedings (16th, Honolulu, Hawaii, January 16-20, 1994). This volume comprises the papers presented at the 1994 conference of the Pacific Telecommunications Council. This gathering, which focused on the theme, "Forging New Links: Focus on Developing Economies," brought together more than 1,100 participants from over 40 countries. The 146 papers are organized chronologically, according to date of presentation. Topics covered in the papers include accounting rates/tariffs, alliances, area networks, asynchronous transfer mode, broadband applications, broadcasting policy, broadcasting technology, cable television, cellular applications, competition/privatization, convergence, data communications, development applications/technologies, multinational/international development policies, national development policies, technology transfer, disaster communications, distance education, foreign investment, INTELSAT, Internet, multimedia, network management, network technologies, personal communications, policy issues, regulatory issues,… [PDF]
(1980). The Emerging Internationalism of Online Information Retrieval. Until 1980 online information retrieval and dissemination services were for the most part based in the United States. Today, however, a variety of information services as well as packet-switched networks are emerging in other countries. Although U.S. developed software still predominates in overall use, activity in Europe and other countries is developing rapidly. Information access services are coming to be seen not only as economically viable, but also as an essential part of each country's national interests. A rivalry between government subsidized services and competitive nonsubsidized services is emerging. Competitive services discourage monopolistic practices and offer the user protection from access controls and price exploitation with the assurance of high quality service and supplier responsiveness. Government subsidized services have encouraged tariff barriers and bilateral agreements detrimental to the user's interests; a user's bill of rights is needed in the areas of…
(1994). Learning To Learn for the Customs Brokers Exam. The Port of Baltimore Workplace Skills Development Project. This set of learning modules was developed during a project to deliver workplace literacy instruction to individuals employed in the more than 50 businesses related to the activities of the Port of Baltimore. It is intended to prepare students for the Customs Brokers examination within a 6-week course period. Actual material from past Customs Brokers examinations and the publication "The Harmonized Tariff," which customs brokers use to find and rate the price of goods, is included throughout the modules. The first module contains a preassessment designed to evaluate students' existing knowledge about customs work and their learning styles. The following topics are covered in the modules 2-6: technical reading and reading comprehension, grammar, punctuation, complex sentences, and test strategies. Each module contains objectives, procedures, student handouts, and learning activities/grammar exercises. Appendixes constituting approximately 50% of the document contain the… [PDF]
(1972). Recurrent Education, Policy and Development in OECD Countries: Recurrent Education in the Federal Republic of Germany. This report, part of a series on the state of recurrent education in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) member countries, focuses on recurrent education in West Germany. The West German thrust for continuing adult education has come from business, industry, and the 1969 Labor Promotion Act which publicly funds vocational training or retraining for adults wanting to enter or reenter the labor market. Section 1 examines elements of recurrent education in the present West German educational system including leave of absence for educational purposes, legal provisions, tariff agreements, administrative regulations, provisions of public funds, the Labor Promotion Act, and regional laws on adult education. Section 2 focuses on future plans for the reconstruction of the educational system to include recurrent education plans and discusses leaves of absence, public funding, reappraisal of the Labor Promotion Act, and possible bills in the provincial…